Runtime Errors
Output:
NZEC: This error denotes “Non-Zero Exit Code” . For C users, this error will be generated if the main() method does not have a return 0 statement. Java /C++ users could generate this error if they throw an exception. Below are the possible reasons of getting NZEC error:
- Infinite Recursion or if you run out of stack memory.
- Negative array index is accessed.
- ArrayIndexOutOfBounds Exception.
- StringIndexOutOfBounds Exception.
Below is the program to illustrate the NZEC error: C++
JavaScript
Output:
SIGSEGV: This error is the most common error and is known as “ Segmentation Fault “. It is generated when the program tries to access a memory that is not allowed to access or attempts to access a memory location in a way that is not allowed. List of some of the common reasons for segmentation faults are:
- Accessing an array out of bounds.
- Dereferencing NULL pointers.
- Dereferencing freed memory.
- Dereferencing uninitialized pointers.
- Incorrect use of the “&” (address of) and “*” (dereferencing) operators.
- Improper formatting specifiers in printf and scanf statements.
- Stack overflow.
- Writing to read-only memory.
Below is the program to illustrate the SIGSEGV error: C++
Java
JavaScript
Output:
Ways to avoid Runtime Errors :
- Avoid using variables that have not been initialized. These may be set to 0 on your system but not on the coding platform.
- Check every single occurrence of an array element and ensure that it is not out of bounds.
- Avoid declaring too much memory. Check for the memory limit specified in the question.
- Avoid declaring too much Stack Memory . Large arrays should be declared globally outside the function.
- Use return as the end statement.
- Avoid referencing free memory or null pointers .
